Dual nationality jurisdiction is a critical component of international arbitration and a doctrine currently sparking many debates among legal scholars and arbitrators. It is essential to understand the mechanism of the "predominant test" or the "dominant and effective test" and how it applies to the International Centre for Settlement of Investment...

A pending International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) award could have far-reaching implications for Chinese and U.S.-based biotech companies. The award comes in response to a dispute between two companies, one U.S.-based and the other Chinese, over their joint venture agreement. This case is unique because the ICC has jurisdiction over both parties,...

On April 1st, 2021, a NAFTA tribunal rejected a US oil and gas company's claim against Canada for revoking a fracking permit. The company, Lone Pine Resources Inc., had sought $250 million in damages from the Canadian government following the revocation of an exploratory oil and gas project in Quebec. This case...

The Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) is an international agreement in place since 1994. It fosters energy security and encourages foreign investment in the energy sector. Recently, however, several countries have begun withdrawing from the treaty, leaving many to wonder why this is happening. Let's take a closer look at the reasons behind...

The International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) is an international organization that provides a forum for the settlement of investment disputes between governments and foreign investors. The World Bank established it as an autonomous body under its auspices in 1966, and it is now based in Washington D.C. Over 150...

In providing products in international trade when prices are rising, defendant who is performing the contract can have a defense of impractability. However, what do you do when the price of the contract is fixed during inflation when there is a purchase order or price of the goods was already agreed on?...